Scott D. Seligman · Narrative History

TONG
WARS

The Untold Story of Vice, Money, and Murder in New York’s Chinatown

A true story of money, murder, gambling, prostitution and opium: the gang wars that engulfed New York’s Chinatown from the 1890s to the 1930s.

Welcome to Chinatown, 1925

Tong Wars book cover

Nothing had worked. Not threats or negotiations, not shutting down the betting parlors or opium dens, not house-to-house searches or throwing Chinese offenders into prison. Not even executing them. New York's District Attorney was running out of ideas and more people were dying every day, as the weapons of choice evolved from hatchets and meat cleavers to pistols, automatic weapons and even bombs.

Welcome to New York City‘s Chinatown in 1925.

Mott Street in New York Chinatown

The Chinese in turn-of-the-century New York were mostly immigrant peasants and shopkeepers who worked as laundrymen, cigar makers and domestics. They gravitated to lower Manhattan and lived as Chinese an existence as possible, their few diversions available, but illegal. It didn’t take long before one resourceful merchant saw a golden opportunity to feather his nest by positioning himself squarely between the vice dens and the police charged with shutting them down.

Tong Wars is historical true-crime set against the perfect landscape: Tammany-era New York City. Representatives of rival tongs (secret societies) corner the various vice markets using admirably creative strategies. The city government was already corrupt from top to bottom, so once one tong began taxing the gambling dens and paying off the authorities, a rival, jealously eyeing its lucrative franchise, co-opted a local reformist group to help eliminate them. Pretty soon Chinese were slaughtering one another in the streets, inaugurating a succession of wars.

The book roars through three decades of turmoil, with characters ranging from gangsters and drug lords to reformers and do-gooders to judges, prosecutors, cops, and pols of every stripe and color. A true story set in turn-of-the-century Manhattan a generation after Gangs of New York, but fought on the very same turf.

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People, Historical Evidence and Reviews

Mock Duck
Characters

The people in the story

Fifteen of the characters in the book, including tong members, police, progressives and women.

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Historical document
Historical Archive

Documents and images

Documents, photographs and even films from the history told in the book.

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From page to screen

A Chinese film adaptation

A new Chinese feature film based on Tong Wars directed by and starring Chinese actor and filmmaker Wang Baoqiang (王宝强) is being produced in China. Entitled 狠家伙 (Mad King), it is set in early twentieth-century New York under the shadow of the Chinese Exclusion Act. The film follows Mock Duck (麦德), a struggling immigrant who is transformed from a powerless “little man” into a formidable underworld figure.

The film is being produced by Ruyi Film Entertainment (儒意电影娱乐股份有限公司) and Wuxi Ruyi Film and Television Culture (无锡儒意影视文化有限公司), together with Beijing Happy Pictures (北京乐开花影业有限公司), Wuxi Baotang Pictures (无锡宝唐影业有限公司) and Ningbo Lehaipi Pictures (宁波乐嗨皮影业有限公司). Wang is joined by a distinguished cast including Tony Leung Ka-fai (梁家辉), Duan Yihong (段奕宏), Peng Yuchang (彭昱畅) and veteran Hong Kong star Ti Lung (狄龙). Filming has been completed and the picture is currently expected to reach Chinese theaters in 2027.